The book provides guidance on the recent developments in Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) and the application of CBAs to policies or projects that either explicitly aim for environmental improvement or affect, in some way, the natural environment as an indirect consequence. It mainly emphasizes that social benefits must exceed social costs. Next to assessing more recent advances in CBA theory, it is a primary objective of the book to identify how specific developments illustrate key thematic narratives with implications for practical use of environmental CBA in policy formulation and appraisal of investment projects. 

The PIEVC (Public Infrastructure Engineering Vulnerability Committee) Protocol was first developed in 2005 by Engineers Canada (Canada’s Engineering Association). In 2012, the PIEVC got divested hat been taken over by a consortium (ICLR, CRI and GIZ). PIEVC is a 5 to 8 step climate risk assessment protocol for all types of physical infrastructure to be applyed either in early plannig stages or throughout operations and maintenance. Since 2005, it has been applyed more than 200 times, including applications outside Canada in Brazil, Costa Rica, Vietnam and the Nile Basin region.

Macroeconomic modelling for climate resilient economic development (CRED) bridges the gap between economic planning and climate adaptation policies. By assessing the long-term economic effects of climate risks and adaptation measures, the tool provides additional information for decisionmakers on how to prioritise investments in adaptation. Thus, decisionmakers can compare different adaptation options with a view to reduce economic risks from climate change. The tool allows to analyse economy-wide impacts (e.g. on GDP, employment) of (1) different climate hazards on the infrastructure sector and (2) different resilient infrastructure options as adaptation measures. If a country does not yet have a macroeconomic model of climate risks, GIZ’s CRED approach can be used to develop such a model or preferably expand existing national models.

The CFF has compiled this toolkit in collaboration with eThekwini Municipality (Durban) to guide practitioners, decision-and policy-makers, and anyone interested in the topic, on how to improve the overall health of rivers. The toolkit comprises both grey infrastructure (i.e. human-engineered hard structures, such as gabions) and light-touch grey infrastructure (i.e. ecologically-friendly engineering solutions, such as wetland construction and brush packing). Each intervention option is accompanied by a specifications sheet with relevant information for planning, designing, financing and implementation. Whilst the interventions proposed in the toolkit are focused on the Kwa-Zulu Natal context, they can be applied elsewhere following the appropriate contextualisation process.

The principles focus on the inclusion of vulnerable transport users in rural, peri-urban, low-income and urban areas across Europe and beyond. Over a three-year period, the EU-funded INCLUSION project addressed the challenges of accessibility to public transport in those areas. The experience gained from this project has been condensed into the principles, which provide guidance to local authorities, planners, and practitioners that strive to make mobility more inclusive, accessible and fair for all types of users.

The Gender Toolkit provides guidance for transport sector specialists and gender specialists on how to mainstream gender equality issues into transport project design, implementation, and policy engagement. It supports users in designing project outputs, activities, inputs, indicators, and targets to respond to gender issues in transport sector operations. The tool kit is divided into key subsectors of ADB’s transport sector investments: rural roads, national highways, railways, urban transport and services, bridges, and waterbased transport and ports.

This guidance on gender mainstreaming in transport and roads provides specific ‘how-to’ guidance together with checklists across the project lifespan in four subsectors (roads, non-motorized transport and pedestrian infrastructure, transport systems, and ports), with context-specific Asia and Pacific regional information and case studies to showcase what socially-inclusive and gender-equitable infrastructure designs look like on the ground. It is part of a practical series of how-to guides and checklists specific to the Asia-Pacific region.

This guide introduces to the United Nations gender mainstreaming principles; why it is important to mainstream gender; the business case for gender mainstreaming; and an overview of the project life cycle. The document describes in detail each stage of the project life cycle and addresses key gender mainstreaming and social inclusion considerations. It is part of a practical series of how-to guides and checklists specific to the Asia-Pacific region.

The TOD (transit-oriented development) Standard focuses on maximizing the benefits of public transit and non-motorized mobility while placing the emphasis firmly back on the users. The standard outlines eight core principles of urban design and land use, each supported by specific performance objectives and easily measurable indicators, or metrics. Together, they promote safe, balanced and vibrant neighborhoods around stations; short and well-connected pedestrian and cycling networks; densities that ensure strong customer bases for local services and public transport; and minimal car traffic and parking interference.

The document provides guidelines regarding best practices for the construction of multimodal transport hubs with a particular focus on the inclusion of governance, digitalization and gender aspects in the planning process. The term multimodal transport hubs (MTH) refers to a building and an urban space, and translates into different realities, functions and practices on the ground. In cities of the Global South, interchange hubs can take the form of railway stations, underground stations, urban bus terminals or simple stops connected to other, sometimes informal, transport networks.