GBP is a set of principles developed to promote integrity in the Green Bond market through guidelines that recommend transparency, disclosure, and reporting. The GBP recommend a clear process and disclosure for issuers, which investors, banks, underwriters, placement agents and others may use to understand the characteristics of any given Green Bond. The evaluation of the use of proceeds represents the core of the GBP, listing a selection of sectors that qualify for green bonds under the GBP such as renewable energy, clean transportation, green buildings, climate change adaptation and many more.

The G7 Ise-Shima Principles for Promoting Quality Infrastructure Investment are a set of five principles covering governance, economic, social and environmental impacts, alignment with economic development and effective resource mobilization. Serving as self-commitment for the G7 and as a guide for further governments, international organizations, MDBs and the private sector, the high-level principles aim to promote strong, sustainable and balanced growth and to address the existing global demand-supply gap of infrastructure investments while enhancing resilience, and contributing to the global efforts for the SDGs.

The Equator Principles (EP) are a risk management framework for determining, assessing and managing environmental and social risk in projects that can be adopted by financial institutions. The tool provides a minimum standard for due diligence to support responsible risk decision-making. The EP apply globally, to all industry sectors and to four types of financial products: (1) project finance advisory services; (2) project finance; (3) project-related corporate loans; (4) bridge loans. Financial institutions can officially commit to the adoption of the EP.

The World Bank Environmental and Social Framework (ESF) sets out the World Bank’s commitment to sustainable development through a Bank Policy and a set of environmental and social standards that enable borrowers to better manage environmental and social risks of projects and to improve development outcomes. The tool offers an assessment of environmental and social risks and impacts of projects throughout the project life cycle in a systematic manner proportionate to the nature and scale of the project and the potential risks and impacts. Since 2018, the framework applies to all World Bank investment project financing.

RepRisk is an ESG risk database that helps to systematically screen and monitor companies’ portfolios of clients, investments and suppliers, and flag those companies with high ESG risk exposure. The tool systematically captures and analyzes adverse ESG and business conduct data, retrieved from media, stakeholders and other public resources, that can have a reputational, compliance, and financial impact on a company or project. Daily, the tool screens more than 90,000 sources in 20 languages by combining artificial and human intelligence to identify and assess risks early at the local, regional, and international level. Additional solutions to measure individual risks are available.

The Climate Bonds Standard is an environmental standard to certify bonds that prioritize projects addressing climate change and to support investors in aligning investments decisions with climate goals. The tool is made up of two parts; (1) the parent standard detailing management and reporting processes and (2) a suite of sector criteria detailing the requirements to be eligible for certification. Based on independent verification reports, the tool allows to certify bonds already prior to issuance, requiring follow through for post-issuance certification. Issuers must report at least annually on the projects and assets funded by the bond, their eligibility and use of proceeds.